Половые и возрастные особенности в структуре управленческих ролей

Abstract

Based on empirical material, the article examines the features of gender and age influence on the formation of managerial roles structure among managers as members of the management team. The article summarizes the results of studies that since 2014 have been carried out at the Faculty of Assessment and Development of Management Personnel of the Higher School of Economics, RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, under the guidance of DSc (Psychology), Professor Yu.V. Sinyagin. The relevance of the study is determined by the social requirements for improving management processes, the importance of the command principle in making and implementing managerial decisions and the need in this regard to study more deeply the peculiarities of managers’ choice of certain managerial roles and identify the features of gender and age influence on the structure of these roles. The material for the analysis was obtained at the faculty in 2014–2019 and contain results of personal and professional diagnostics of managers — representatives of the federal state civil service, state service of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as heads of budgetary institutions of Russia (n = 6602). The biographical questions of the “Assessment of management potential” questionnaire were used as diagnostic tools as well as joint distribution method, Pearson χ2 test. As a result of empirical data analysis, it was found that there is a clear age dynamics and gender characteristics in the distribution of formal managerial roles. Significant differences were revealed between the subgroups, distinguished by gender and age, in the relationship between the performed formal managerial roles and preferences in the field of informal managerial roles. It is shown that in all the subgroups identified, the most characteristic informal managerial role in the respondents’ assessments is the role of the organizer, and the least characteristic role is the role of the personnel officer, staff officer, controller and innovator. For each of the subgroups identified, the “role profiles” of managers occupying different positions in the management hierarchy are described. It has been established which formal managerial roles are more often performed by respondents of different sex and age, who prefer to play certain informal managerial roles. The gender and age specificity of these relationships was revealed.