Параллельный импорт и другие экономические меры как ответ на санкции в отношении российского импорта

Abstract

The article reveals the impact of the western sanctions on the Russian Federation economic stability; in particular, it analyses the consequences for the Russian foreign trade — for the import of goods to the country. The research methods and materials include methods of system analysis and synthesis, content analysis of scientific literature and statistical reviews on the subject under investigation, periodical materials of Russian and foreign authors. Despite the moderate value of the Russian import penetration index there is an absolute dependence on the import of industrial and investment goods (machinery, equipment, transport, etc.) in the country. The analysis outlines the measures taken by the Government, the Ministry of Industry and Trade and the Federal Customs Service to stabilize the current situation with imports to Russia — the strategic trade partnership and the establishment of new logistic chains with the eastern countries, the expansion of the list of goods imported with reduced or zero import customs duties to the Russian territory. Particular attention is paid to the parallel import as a way of supplying sanctioned goods to the country. The parallel import was legalized in May 2022 and involves the replacement of the national principle of the exhaustion of trademark rights with the international one. In the article it is demonstrated that the parallel import is applied to the specific list of goods of the western companies and brands that left the Russian market after the beginning of the special military operation; the list of goods assumes to be constantly updated depending on the situation. To sum up, the further development of the situation with the import to the territory of Russia depends on two factors: the intentions of western countries to increase sanctions pressure and the readiness of the Russian authorities to apply various stabilizing measures to resist the imposed sanctions.