Новая структура и функции государственного сектора России перед лицом глобальных вызовов

Abstract

In the face of global challenges, attention to the problems of the public sector, its structure and functions is increasing. For the successful implementation of the tasks facing it, qualitative transformations within the public sector are necessary, increasing its flexibility and efficiency in a market economy. The aim of this article is to study the dynamics and modern structure of the Russian public sector, as well as to identify the directions of qualitative transformations and new functions of the public sector in the period of global turbulence. The paper presents an analysis of extensive statistical data for the period from 2017 to 2023, confirming the presence of both quantitative and qualitative changes in the public sector of the Russian Federation. The study revealed that over the past six years, the public sector in Russia has decreased by about 47% in terms of the number of commercial enterprises. At the same time, the optimization of the structure of the public sector occurs due to the abolition or sale of small enterprises, as well as the transformation of outdated and inefficient unitary enterprises into modern market forms of joint-stock companies. It was also proved that the state retains control over the largest strategic assets and concentrates economic power within vertically integrated structures in order to ensure national and economic security. The supernova realities have led to the expansion of the functions of the public sector, which, in addition to its main responsibilities, has acquired additional ones, such as financing innovations for import substitution; benchmarking in switching to Russian solutions in business; temporary management of foreign assets; development of the sharing economy, provision of technological transfer between industries; cooperation with the flagships of Russian business; restraining of key personnel relocation. Qualitative transformations of the public sector, including improving the indicators of financial and economic activity of state-owned companies, getting rid of inefficient forms of state entrepreneurship, the use of innovative tools and business processes, the development of new mechanisms of public-private partnership, indicate positive changes in the direction of the implementation of the tasks facing it.