Features of Industrial Policy in the Russian Nuclear Industry
Keywords:
Industrial policy, nuclear industry, industrial policy mechanisms, Rosatom, structural policy, vertical and horizontal mechanisms, strategic priorities, nuclear power plantsAbstract
The article is focused on evaluating the effectiveness of Russia’s industrial policy in the nuclear industry in the period from 2008 to 2019. To analyze the effectiveness of industrial policy, the concepts of Warwick's definition and tools of industrial policy and Leibenstein’s concept of X-efficiency are applied. The concept of state industrial policy within the Russian nuclear industry was defined, in particular, the legal framework of the industrial policy of the nuclear industry is considered. The authors highlighted the characteristic features of the Russian nuclear industry. The main characteristics of the Russian state industrial policy are given on the example of the Rosatom state corporation. The effectiveness of the existing industrial policy was analyzed using the approach proposed by the authors. The analysis revealed that vertical support mechanisms used by government to support the “industry champion” proved to be the most effective for developing the nuclear industry, in particular for creating export opportunities and for preserving and developing scientific and technical potential of the nuclear industry. However, the article recognizes the beginning of stagnation in the growth of international orders amount due to changes in the energy markets and the lack of domestic resources to implement the previous vertical industrial policy. It gives the grounds for the transformation of industrial policy towards horizontal mechanisms. The authors of the article propose possible mechanisms and tools for horizontal and vertical industrial policy aimed at implementing the strategy of Rosatom’s diversification using available resources, scientific and technical potential and human capital to overcome a possible crisis. The main trends in the activities of Rosatom state corporation were identified and characterized in accordance with the described features of industrial policy.
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